Chapter+2


 * 2.0 Introduction**

In this chapter, we came out with three ideas of literature review that this literature review may help ours in order to find the answer for ours research question. This literature review divided into three main part, it is about sport facilities, contribution university in sport development and the factor or the causes losing interest in sport.


 * 2.1 Sport facilities**

In sport facilities section, we came out with four aspects. It includes the condition of sport facilities, total of sport facilities, services provided by sport facilities and distance of the sport facilities.

**2.1.1 Condition of sport facilities**
According on our studies that we have done, it is not enough if only have sport facilities to attract students to participate actively in sport activity. Facility in the poor condition is not useful at all. Student will not participate in sport activity if the facilities does not meet their needs or enough to give comfort to them while make sport activity. This statement supported by Gallardo et al (2009), construction of sport facilities without current and complete facilities will not help in order to attract student actively involved in sport. For more advanced, all sport facilities must be complete with the digitalization and intellectualization aspects. So that, the sport facilities can be use smoothly and operate with the correct way. (Ho & Fu, 2008).


 * 2.1.2 Total of sport facilities**

Another factor that makes student feels bad about their sport facilities is a total of sport facilities that has around them. “It has recently been pointed out that there is a relationship between the number of venues for physical exercise and the probability of meeting the recommendations for physical activity (as cited in Gallardo et al 2009). Besides that, in other studies in Australia, the number of sport and facilities provided are key factors that contribute to actively in sport by Stahl et al 2001, (as cited in Gallardo et al 2009).


 * 2.1.3 Services provided by sport facilities**

The university should be aware that they should not be charging any fees to students who want to use the sport facilities. If the university dues any charge for students, this will be trigger for symptoms of losing interest in sport among the students. As pointed by Panter e al (2008), all the facilities or sport center that charge or less option to paying the fees only make people on lower income less affordable to use their sport facilities. Which are only the rich people can use all the facilities even though sport is regardless of rank, age and gender.


 * 2.1.4 Distance of the sport facilities**

Another factor that can consider of causes of student satisfaction about sport facilities is the distance the sport facilities from their house or place. According to Stahl et al 2001, (as cited in Gallardo et al 2009), “if the sport facilities are hard to access and far from our home or place, its make people losing interest to fulfill their leisure with sport activity”. To do sport activity, students did not like to walk far away only to use the sport facilities at sport center and its supported by the previous point that we noticed.


 * 2.2 Sports development**

In sport development we have a research about the contribution of university to sport development. I found out that is sport development is most related with losing interest among the student. In sports development, we divide into three main sections that should be of concern including the development, management and systems.


 * 2.2.1 Development of sports**

According what we have studies and done, the most important development of the sport because of the ease of work to improve the status and level of each university sports. Then, to improve the effectiveness of this development should to integrate social issues at the local level(Bob and Swart, 2009). Sport development is about participation and promoting the opportunities and benefits of participation. Participation in sport and physical activity spans a wide range of context. This development is also the university could use a system that allows player pathways introduce to ensure athlete development (Shilbury D. et al. 2008).


 * 2.2.2 Management of sport**

In the meantime, a number of factors that cause students to lose interest in sports are not as a result of factors that do not satisfy the sports facilities but also due to the management of the university itself to encourage more student in sports. Efficient management can help increase the level of sports at a higher level with a systematic management of various aspects of sports equipment and facilities to its own production equipment.


 * 2.2.3 System in sport**

In the development of each sport requires a system to facilities each game was running smoothly and easily to students and university to interact in a process. However, the services provided by the sports facilities must be equipped with computer and communications technology to facilitate the management to deal with student using the system provided.. The effect of different ideological difference in the system can give a better impact to enhance the effectiveness of each system, it also helps the university to attract students interest in sports.(Shilbury D. et al. 2008).

**2.3 factor and causes that losing interest in sport**
In our study, we find out that there are several causes and affect that can contribute to influence interest and causes that can be factor for losing interest among student in .Factors such as Friend or parents, equipment or environment and how injury can affected their interest

** 2.3.1 Family, friends, instructor **
According to (Harwood & Swain, 2001), stated that the best friend also a factor that can be factor to attract more people to join the sport, through sport they can built strong bond and connection between one another and it can create more excitement when more people involve in the sport activity, this point also support by A.G. Papaioannou et , stated that the biggest factor can influence teenager to take part in sport is parents, parent is the most or the biggest influence when they take part in sport activity. people or teenager tend to get the satisfaction level if they involve in a game that involve more person or by group according to Duda and Nicholls (1992) and Papaioannou et al. (2002).

** 2.3.2 The environment **
Based on the article written by ( P. Swan et al, 2007), injury during sport activity can happen anywhere ,not only on ground hardness that can cause possible injury but, other factor also can be count as the potential or risk to teenager to face injury when then involve in physical activity, this is one factor can make teenager feel not save when they want to play sport. factor such as, uneven ground, type of soil and turf, site of coverage and type ,these are factor that can cause injury among teenager and their interest will be vanish. From this statement we can assume that facilities is important in order to attract more people especially teenager in sport activity, people will more take a lot more attention regarding this matter

2.3.3 Injury During Sport Participation
==== Another factor that can make student losing interest in sport is injury. As pointed out by by P. Swan et al (2001), Injury is a common thing happen in sport and will occur to people who involve in sport and this is the worst chapter in athlete life. From the Same article agree that the facility can affect the interest rates of the community to be involve in sport activity ,safety of facilities is main factor that can be taken to calculates result of participation in sport activity. that injury is factor that influence the interest among people, and it must be taken seriously and a set of prevention must be consider before do it. ====